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Divided Italy
So, the first thing to consider while some people were calling for the country to become a unified state, others, such as Metternich, worked to make sure it would remain divided. In fact, Metternich included the statement, "Italy is only a geographic expression," in a letter he wrote to British Foreign Minister Palmerston in August of 1847. As you consider the meaning of that statement, look at the map below.
Map: the unification of Italy, 1859-1870. IRC, 2005 . Image. Discovery Education. Web. 11 July 2014. <http://www.discoveryeducation.com/>.
Unified Italy
The map/timeline below show you exactly when and how each part of Italy came together.
Before Unification
1860
- Nice and Savoy were given to France in return for support of bid for independence
- Northern Italy captured form Austria (1860)
- Southern Italy captured form Spain (1860)
1866
1870
The Leaders
| The Leaders |
The Intellectual
Giuseppi Mazzini |
The Statesman
Camillo Cavour |
The Fighter
Giuseppi Garibaldi |
|---|
Looking at the pictures of the three whose leadership unified Italy in what will be known as the Risorgimento, notice the third of Garibaldi, the Fighter. Do you remember the painting from Lesson 7.02? In many ways, Giuseppe Garibaldi is to Italians what George Washington is to Americans. They are considered to be the Fathers of their countries because they fought for independence.
In your assessment, you will work through an activity about the Unification of Italy focused around the theme, "An Intellectual, a Statesman, and a Fighter unite Italy." That is, the work of three men, Giuseppe Mazzini, Camillo di' Cavour, and Giuseppe Garibaldi, led directly to the creation of the Italian state.
Mazzini
Open Italian Unification - Mazzini in a new tab
Cavour
Open Italian Unification - Cavour in a new tab