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Number 1. contains the major organs that are responsible for breathing; also functions to remove the cellular waste product called carbon dioxide
Correct Answer: respiratory system
Number 2. (CO2) cellular waste product
Correct Answer: carbon dioxide
Number 3. the movement of air in and out of the lungs
Correct Answer: breathing
Number 4. the movement of air in during breathing
Correct Answer: inhalation
Number 5. the movement of air out during breathing
Correct Answer: exhalation
Number 6. sense of smell
Correct Answer: olfactory
Number 7. the muscles for breathing
Correct Answer: diaphragm
Number 8. includes the nose, mouth, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles; carries air between the lungs and the body’s exterior
Correct Answer: airway
Number 9. act as the functional units of the respiratory system by passing oxygen into the body and carbon dioxide out of the body; a left lung with 2 lobes and a right lung with 3 lobes; spongy organs of the respiratory system containing bronchi, alveolar sacs, and capillaries
Correct Answer: lungs
Number 10. intercostal muscles (muscle between ribs) and the diaphragm; push air into and out of the lungs during breathing
Correct Answer: muscles of respiration
Number 11. (oral cavity) external opening for air
Correct Answer: mouth
Number 12. (nasal cavity) warms, filters, humidifies air
Correct Answer: nose
Number 13. hollow areas of cranium that are lined with mucosa and help with resonance of sound production
Correct Answer: sinuses
Number 14. (throat) air passage (shared with food passage)
Correct Answer: pharynx
Number 15. (voice box) vocal cords vibrate to produce sound when air passes over them
Correct Answer: larynx
Number 16. (windpipe) open airway to lungs made of cartilage rings/mucus secreted by epithelial cells trap dust and pollutants while the cilia sweeps it up into the esophagus to be swallowed
Correct Answer: trachea
Number 17. (bronchus is singular) airway tubes from trachea to lung tissue that branch multiple times throughout the lungs
Correct Answer: bronchi
Number 18. cup-shaped structure in lung tissue containing many capillaries and is the site of gas exchange/contains surfactant
Correct Answer: alveoli
Number 19. a flap of elastic cartilage that closes over the larynx when swallowing to prevent food/liquids from entering trachea
Correct Answer: epiglottis
Number 20. an oily secretion lining alveoli to decrease surface tension and keep alveoli form collapsing
Correct Answer: surfactant
Number 21. breathing
Correct Answer: ventilation
Number 22. exchange of gases also known as breathing
Correct Answer: respiration
Number 23. (breathing in) is driven by the diaphragm contracting (moving inferiorly or downwards) and the rib cage expanding
Correct Answer: inspiration
Number 24. The neural control of breathing rate and rhythm occurs in the respiratory center of the brainstem.
Correct Answer: neural control
Number 25. part of the brain is where the respiratory center is located
Correct Answer: brainstem
Number 26. a cell that responds to a chemical signal and sends a biological response
Correct Answer: chemoreceptors
Number 27. states that the lower the pH, the less affinity of oxygen to Hgb
Correct Answer: The Bohr Effect
Number 28. depends on changes in pressures inside the chest cavity compared to the atmospheric pressure outside the body
Correct Answer: respiratory cycle
Number 29. amount of air that can be inhaled and exhaled during normal, quiet breathing. (Average adult amount is 500ml)
Correct Answer: tidal volume (TV)
Number 30. amount of air that can be forcibly inhaled beyond a TV (average for women is 2,000ml and men is 3,000ml)
Correct Answer: inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)
Number 31. amount of air that can be forcibly exhaled beyond a TV (average for women is 700ml and men is 1,200ml)
Correct Answer: expiratory reserve volume (ERV)
Number 32. amount of air remaining in lungs after ERV (about 1,200ml for women and men)
Correct Answer: residual volume (RV)
Number 33. Different volumes of air are moved in and out of the lungs with changes in your respiratory rate and depth.
Correct Answer: respiratory volumes
Number 34. combining two or more respiratory volumes together
Correct Answer: respiratory capacity
Number 35. total amount of air that can be expired after fully inhaling (4.8L)
Correct Answer: vital capacity (VC)
Number 36. (IC) maximum amount of air that can be inspired (3.6L)
Correct Answer: inspiratory capacity
Number 37. amount of air remaining in the lungs after a normal expiration (2.4L)
Correct Answer: functional residual capacity (FRC)
Number 38. maximum amount of air that can fill the lungs (6 liters)
Correct Answer: total lung capacity (TLC)
Number 39. one of the Pulmonary (relating to the lungs) Function Tests (PFT) used to check the health of lungs and respiratory passages
Correct Answer: spirometry
Number 40. causes the linings of the respiratory airways to become swollen, and the muscles around them can constrict
Correct Answer: asthma
Number 41. an inflammation of the bronchial tubes
Correct Answer: bronchitis
Number 42. one type of COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease). The inflamed bronchial tubes produce a lot of mucus, and it is a long-term condition.
Correct Answer: chronic bronchitis
Number 43. a lung disease where the alveoli are damaged resulting in a limited amount of oxygen reaching the blood
Correct Answer: emphysema
Number 44. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Correct Answer: COPD
Number 45. an infectious disease that usually affects the lungs
Correct Answer: tuberculosis
Number 46. bacterium causes TB, and it can spread through the air when a person with TB coughs, or sneezes
Correct Answer: mycobacterium tuberculosis
Number 47. an out-of-control, abnormal growth of cells divide rapidly, taking over the lung tissue, but not performing any lung tissue functions
Correct Answer: lung cancer
Number 48. a genetic disorder that is inherited and causes thick, sticky mucus to be produced in the lungs. This mucus clogs the lungs.
Correct Answer: cystic fibrosis