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Number 1. Nonspecific defense mechanisms that come into play immediately or within hours of an antigen's appearance in the body. These mechanisms include physical barriers such as skin, chemical barriers, and immune system cells that attack foreign cells in the body.

Correct Answer: innate immune system

Number 2. has thick layer of dead cells in the epidermis which provides a physical barrier

Correct Answer: skin

Number 3. produce mucus that trap microbes

Correct Answer: mucous membranes

Number 4. within the nose filters air containing microbes, dust, pollutants

Correct Answer: hair

Number 5. lining the upper respiratory tract traps and propels inhaled debris

Correct Answer: cilia

Number 6. flushes microbes out of the urethra

Correct Answer: urine

Number 7. tube extending from bladder to outside environment

Correct Answer: urethra

Number 8. expels microorganisms

Correct Answer: defecation

Number 9. enzyme produced in tears, perspiration, and saliva that can break down cell walls and thus acts as an antibiotic, which kills bacteria

Correct Answer: lysozyme

Number 10. in the stomach destroys bacteria and most toxins because it is highly acidic (pH 2-3)

Correct Answer: gastric juice

Number 11. inhibits bacterial growth

Correct Answer: acidity on skin

Number 12. provides a protective film on the skin and inhibits growth

Correct Answer: sebum

Number 13. (MHC) proteins on cell surface that can bind to foreign antigens for display

Correct Answer: major histocompatibility complex

Number 14. raises body temperature and activates T cells to release interleukin-2

Correct Answer: interleukin-1

Number 15. also known as inflammatory response, a localized tissue response that occurs when your tissues are damaged and in response to other stimuli

Correct Answer: inflammation

Number 16. inhibits bacterial growth and increases the rate of tissue repair during an infection

Correct Answer: fever

Number 17. classified as innate immunity, which destroys invaders in a generalized way without targeting specific individuals

Correct Answer: nonspecific resistance

Number 18. an immune response that is classified as adaptive immunity; relies on antigens, which are specific substances found in foreign microbes, and antibodies

Correct Answer: specific resistance

Number 19. refers to antigen-specific immune response

Correct Answer: adaptive immunity

Number 20. immunity arising from exposure to antigens

Correct Answer: acquired immunity

Number 21. causes the proliferation of certain cytotoxic T cells and B cells

Correct Answer: interleukin-2